structured AI tutoring

AI tutoring outperforms in-class active learning: an RCT introducing a novel research-based design in an authentic educational setting

Greg Kestin, Kelly Miller, Anna Klales, Timothy Milbourne, Gregorio Ponti

Scientific Reports

A crossover randomized trial with 194 Harvard undergraduates found that a carefully structured AI physics tutor produced larger immediate learning gains in less time than in-class active learning, while students also reported stronger engagement and motivation.