multimodal composing

A diverse TESOL trainee team builds a meaningful multimodal teaching website while comparing human and AI contributions with their instructor

Journal Paper2026

Hong Kong TESOL trainees used generative AI selectively across 10 multimodal website projects

Benjamin Luke Moorhouse, Christoph A. Hafner, Tsz Ying Ho

TESOL Quarterly

A qualitative study followed 22 volunteers representing 10 website projects in a Hong Kong MA TESL course. Every group used generative AI selectively, balancing efficiency and capability against authenticity, meaning-making, reliability and the amount of human involvement.

TESOL teacher educationmultimodal composinggenerative AI

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