AI competence

Students rated AI tools differently after demonstrations, but expected support was not tested learning

Joana Heil, Dirk Ifenthaler, Martin Cooper, Maria Lidia Mascia, Rachele Conti, Maria Pietronilla Penna

Smart Learning Environments

A survey of 223 students at universities in Australia, Germany, and Italy compared expectations about six AI tools after short demonstrations. Perceived support varied by tool, and students reporting greater AI competence tended to give more positive ratings. Participants did not use the tools during the study. The results therefore inform questions about expectations and training needs, not claims about actual learning improvements or a current product ranking.